This report was prepared by Mackay Miller, Phil Voss, Adam Warren, Ian Baring-Gould and Misty Conrad. Island communities worldwide face great challenges in achieving reliable, affordable, and secure energy for power and transportation needs. In spite of often having a relative abundance of renewable energy resources, most island countries remain highly dependent on imported fossil fuels to meet their energy needs. Due to the remoteness and relatively small size of most islands, imported fuel is typically very expensive. The expense, volatility in price, and potential for disruption in supply of fuel has a significant effect on island economies.