Renewables

Executive Summary

Energy is the engine of economic growth. Therefore the Government recognises the need to manage the energy sector in a manner that is efficient and sustainable. Development of the country’s energy resources therefore will be coordinated in a manner that guarantees PNG attains sustainable income from energy exports while at the same time, the Goverment wants to see the unit cost of energy reduced in order to make PNG an internationally competitive country to invest in. 

This report presents the results of one of the most extensive field market surveys detailing the use of renewable energy systems in remote area power supplies (RAPS) in Australia. 134 separate remote sites were visited encompassing over 350 separate power and water pumping systems. Householders were questioned to ascertain their attitudes to renewable energy and the installation and maintenance people talked to. 1270 mail-out survey forms were sent out with 260 replies received. The amount of data collected was prodigious.

Developing countries face an overall situation of limited energy resources and applications, particularly in rural areas, and there is an urgent need to address this situation. Limited energy resources and applications pose a serious constraint and barrier to social and economic development, and present significant challenges and opportunities for renewable energy. Renewable energy sources include biomass, solar energy, wind and hydropower.

This guide aims to show many different technologies that can be used to eliminate kerosene lighting from households in developing countries. 1.6 billion people in approximately 300 million households still use kerosene lighting, spending around $10-30 billion/year, or an average of about $1/week.

This report summarizes a large-scale evaluation of improved-stove programs funded by the United Nations Development Programme, managed by the Energy Sector Management Assistance Programme (ESMAP), and conducted by East-West Center and ESMAP staff. ESMAP will issue a report accompanied by case studies in the near future.

 The purpose of this thesis is to study the feasibility of wave powered desalination: what areas would be potential for wave powered desalination and how much the produced water would cost.

The wave powered desalination system examined in this thesis is called AaltoRO and essentially it encompasses of a Wave Energy Convertor (WEC) and of a Reverse Osmosis (RO) facility. The WEC pressurizes the seawater directly to a suitable pressure, which is fed via a medium pressure pipeline to the onshore RO facility where fresh water is produced.
 

More than half of households in Honduras use cook stoves that are highly inefficient, unhealthy and unsafe, impacting the health and well-being of users and families as well as the natural environment through Green House Gas (GHG) emissions. A $2.95 million SREP program promotes sustainable business models for clean cook stove distribution supporting Honduran rural communities by providing high-efficiency cook stoves for 70,000 households. This will reduce consumption and cost of firewood for project beneficiaries by 60 percent and improve living standards.

This report is part of work commissioned by the UNDP to help FIJI meet its Fiji Renewable Energy Power Project (FREPP) goals. This work is intended to contribute to the revitalization of the renewable energy market in FIJI, especially where IPPs are concerned. Of particular interest is the policy framework regulating both public and the private investments in renewable energy, and the incentives that could be applied to stimulate growth in the sector. 

The work is divided into three components 

a) the development of standard Power purchase agreements,

Biodiesel an alternative renewable energy resource produced from alcohol and  vegetable oil. Its production and quality control has been explored extensively using the  available local raw materials. The final Biodiesel fuel produced has been characterised  by examining it physical and chemical properties.

The main objective of this work is to assess the potential of coconut oil (CNO) as a substitute for diesel in CI engines in the Pacific island countries of Papua New Guinea, Fiji and Solomon islands. This report describes the present status of copra and CNO production, use of distillate in electricity generation in the 3 countries. The advancements made to date in adapting CNO for various applications and viability of CNO as a substitute fuel in diesel electricity generators is studied. An indication of GHG reduction with CNO usage is also presented.